1. What is a concussion?

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A concussion is a type of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) that occurs when the brain experiences a sudden movement or impact within the skull. It can happen after a fall, sports injury, car accident, or any blow to the head. Unlike more severe TBIs, concussions usually do not cause structural damage visible on standard imaging like CT or MRI scans, but they do temporarily disrupt brain function.

 

The injury affects the brain at a cellular level, causing neurons to fire abnormally and altering neurotransmitter activity. This can lead to a range of symptoms, including headache, dizziness, confusion, sensitivity to light or noise, and difficulty concentrating. Some individuals may briefly lose consciousness, but this is not necessary for a diagnosis.

 

While most concussions resolve within one to two weeks, the experience can be unsettling. The effects are typically temporary, but repeated concussions, especially without adequate recovery time, can lead to prolonged or permanent issues. Early recognition, rest, and careful monitoring are essential for optimal recovery and to reduce the risk of complications.